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The Birth of the Rhyton
Nearly four thousand year ago, horn-shaped
rhyta with holes at the tips were used as filters
and those in the shape of animal heads were
used for offering wine to the gods in rituals in
the Mediterranean.  This led to the creation of
spouted rhyta in animal shapes with twisted
and curved horns in Pre-Achaemenid Persia,
which unified the ancient world of the Middle
East. Lion-headed Cup
Lion-headed Cup
Pre-Achaemenid Persia
8th-6th century B.C.
Silver and gold
Pitcher with Ibexes Rhyta from Persepolis
Among the provincial tributes that express the relief carvings on the great palaces of the Persian capital Persepolis are pitchers in the shape of amphoras. No rhyta in the form of animals with bent horns, however, can be found. Such rhyta appear to have spread from Asia Minor and western Iran from around the fifth century B.C.
Pitcher with Ibexes
Pre-Achaemenid Persia
8th-6th century B.C.
Silver and gold  
Horse-shaped Rhyton

The Creation of a Universal Style
Rhyta from Persia
After its unification, Persia not only recognized the autonomy of its territories, it built a capital that brought together the finest artisans and materials from all its regions. The Persian court style, which came about from these resources, represented a kind of universal style. Soon thereafter, the Persian rhyton was born.
 
Griffin-shaped Rhyton
Griffin-shaped Rhyton
Achaemenid Persia
5th-4th century B.C.
Silver
Horse-shaped Rhyton
Achaemenid Persia
5th-4th century B.C.
Silver
Egyptian Workshops
On the wall of an Egyptian tomb, dated to around the fourth century B.C., is an image of what appears to be a metal workshop in relief. A similar work in relief shows the production of rhyta, suggesting that such workshops existed in Egypt during the Persian period.



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